In developed countries, the use of new technologies in industries has started a long time ago. One of these technologies is the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT leaders must start with people to create a cultural platform for innovation. The Internet of Things is the result of the evolution of Internet technology, which provides the possibility of connecting things together and can widely change the processes and the way of providing services. Despite the many applications of the Internet of Things in the industry, there are many obstacles on the way to its establishment. In this article, the obstacles to the use of Internet of Things in small and medium industries of Ilam province were first identified, including economic, cultural, financial, technical, etc. obstacles using the fuzzy Delphi technique; then the relationships between them were measured using interpretive structural modeling. The statistical population of the research was 15 experts familiar with the subject. 16 obstacles were identified as the main obstacles to the use of Internet of Things in small and medium industries of Ilam province, and the relationship between them was classified in 6 levels and drawn in an interactive network; As a result of the lack of government support, sanctions and lack of communication and lack of technical knowledge among the planners, culture building in organizations is one of the solutions to overcome these obstacles.